Configuration Management

It helps to maintain infrastructure using software (like providing resources)
immutability of configuration of container which runtime.

(like update an application, start a new container for the new version and stop the previous container)
when services require some dependencies, then containers(docker) are used.
eg Chef, Puppet

Containers

For example, a website contains frontend, backend, database and networking components.
Monolithic Applications:
- When all components of the website are bundled together and are running as a single application
- Changes in a single component, would require the whole bundled to be re-deployed (not efficient).
Micro-Services:
- Here all components of a website are deployed individually which is called a micro-service.
- Changes in an individual component can be re-deployed individually (much more efficient).
- Fault-Isolation and debugging become easier

It is an open-source container orchestration tool, developed by Google and donated to CNCF (Cloud Native Computing Foundation).
It helps in managing containerized applications in different deployment environments.
Applications which follow all the principles and applications that can run on top of Kubernetes are called Cloud-Native Applications.

Over the years, there is an increase in micro-services and containers.
deploying and managing multiple containers dynamically

(before using only scripts was becoming complex)